Liquid flow control apparatus



Oct. 13, 1964 c o 3,152,623

LIQUID FLOW CQNTRQL APPARATUS Filed Nov. 16, 1961 2 Sheets-Sheet lINVENTOR LOUIS AUGUSTE CARRlOL BY '4 M WWW {1: 6,

ATTORNEYS Oct. 13, 1964 A. CARRIOL LIQUID- FLOW CONTROL APPARATUS FiledNov. 16.

2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Fuel 2 INVENTOR LOUIS AUGUSTE CARRIOL.

FIG. 3

ATTORN EYS United States Patent LIQUID FLOW CONTROL APPARATUS LouisAuguste Carriol, Aulnay-sous-Bois, France, asslgnor to Satam-SocieteAnonyme pour Tons Appareillages Mecaniques, La Courneuve, France, aFrench company Filed Nov. 16, 1961, Ser. No. 152,603 Claims priority,application France June 9, 1961 10 Claims. (Cl. 141-209) The presentinvention relates to apparatus, commonly referred to as a nozzle, formetered delivery of liquids of the type described in my U.S. Patents No.2,787,294, entitled Combined Valve and Shut-Off Means Therefor, whichissued April 2, 1957 and No. 2,802,491, entitled Device for Filling aReceptacle, Comprising Automatic Stopping Means, which issued August 13,1957, both of which are assigned to the same assignee as the presentinvention. In apparatus of the type disclosed in the firstmentionedpatent the delivery nozzle is held open so long as a stream of liquidemerging in a jet from a jet-forming device or injector maintains underpressure the liquid contained in a Pitot tube having one open end in thenormal path of the stream from the injector.

In certain types of apparatus of this kind, one of the faces of a pistonassociated with the principal valve which controls the flow of liquidthrough the nozzle is first subjected to the pressure of the liquidupstream of that valve through a channel which is controlled by anauxiliary valve held open by the operator, and is thereafter subjectedto the pressure in the Pitot tube.

A shortcoming of nozzles of this kind is the fact that the valve mayopen again after closing, for example if there occurs a decline inpressure upstream thereof. A further disadvantage lies in the fact thatnozzles of this type as heretofore proposed cannot readily be employedin liquid delivery systems wherein the quantity to be delivered ispre-set, as by an operation independent of manipulation of the nozzle.Apparatus for so pre-setting the amount to be delivered will hereinafterbe called predetermining apparatus.

The present invention provides liquid delivery apparatus of an improvedtype substantially free from these shortcomings. In accordance with thepresent invention the auxiliary valve is not held opened throughout theliquid delivery operation. Rather, it closes automatically during thatphase of the delivery operation begun by the formation of the liquidstream emerging from the jet and ending with the opening of the mainvalve.

Preferably the auxiliary valve is opened by means of a cam controlled bya lever under control of the operator. At a specified moment during thephase of operation just previously described, the auxiliary valve isfreed from control by this cam and is thus permitted to close.

The invention will now be further described with reference to theaccompanying drawings in which:

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view through a delivery nozzleaccording to the invention;

FIG. 2 is a partial sectional view similar to that of FIG. 1 but at alarger scale and showing certain elements of structure in greaterdetail;

FIG. 3 is a cross sectional view taken along the lines 3-3 of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a fragmentary sectional view similar to that of FIG. 2 on astill further enlarged scale, showing the main valve of the nozzle andthe jet-forming structure; and

FIGS. 5 and 6 are further detail views on the same section as that ofFIG. 2, illustrating the relative positions of certain parts of theapparatus during opening and closing of the nozzle respectively.

Referring to FIG. 1, the liquid to be delivered reaches 3,152,623Patented Get. 13, 1964 the delivery nozzle of FIG. 1 at the point 2,where the nozzle may connect to a flexible tube. The liquid passesthence through a chamber 4 and through a main control valve 6 and emergevia a chamber 8 and nozzle tube 10. A manually operated control lever 14effects rotation of a lever 16 and of the shaft 18 to which the lever isaffixed. Lever 16 is loaded by means of a spring 29 to counterclockwiserotation. The shaft 18 passes into the chamber 4 of the nozzle through aliquid-tight seal 22 (FIG. 3) in a nozzle body 24 and carries an arm 26at the end of which there is formed a cam surface 28 and a catch 30(FIG. 2). The arm 26 bears against the valve 6 under stress of thespring 21 tending to close the valve against its seat 32 (FIG. 2). Thecatch 30, as shown in FIG. 5, is arranged to open an auxiliary valve 34when lever 26 is rotated clockwise by operation of hand lever 14,notwithstanding the stress of springs 36 which bear against trunnions 38on the valve 34, tending to hold the latter closed. The angle ofoperation of the springs 36 is however so chosen as to permittranslation of the valve 34 along its seat 40, as shown in FIG. 6, byoperation of the cam surface 28, when lever 26, once having rotatedclockwise past valve 34, is allowed to return counterclockwise underinfluence of spring 20. This translational movement is limited by meansof a stop not shown in the drawings.

The main valve 6 is carried on and functionally forms part of a movablesupport generally indicated at 42 which moves within the nozzle body 24.The support is of generally tubular shape, and includes a jet-formingchamber 44, a jet-flight chamber 46, and an interruption-flow aperture48. A connecting tube 51! of flexible material extends from a nipple 52communicating with aperture 48 down the nozzle tube 10 to a fixedtermination at 54 on the side of the discharge end 12 of the nozzle.Coaxially disposed with the jet-forming chamber 44 in support 42 isprovided a Pitot tube 56 supported on or formed in a piston 58 which ismovable within a cylindrical surface 60 formed in the nozzle body 24.

The auxiliary valve 34 controls the admission of liquid from chamber 4into a channel 62 which extends to an orifice 64 arranged in the endwall 66 which closes the space within cylinder 60 at the end thereofopposite valve 6. A further valve 68 is provided to close the orifice64, valve 68 being stressed against orifice 64 by means of a spring 70bearing against the piston 58. The other face of the valve 68 may bearagainst the rear face 59 of the piston 58 at the outlet end of the Pitottube 56. A small amount of play is provided between the periphery of thevalve 68 and the cylinder 60.

The liquid arriving in the chamber 46 through valve 6 and jet passage 44which does not enter tube 56 is free to pass out through the annularopening at 72 between nozzle body 24 and piston 58. The valve 6, formedas part of or fastened to movable support 42, includes a cylindricalportion 7 which moves with a liquid-tight fit in a cylindrical seat 25in the nozzle body 24. The seat 25 thus serves as a guide to the valve6. When the portion 7 becomes disengaged from its seat 25, the valve 34becomes disengaged from the catch 30 on the cam 28.

In the central zone of the cylindrical part 7 of the valve 6 there isprovided an annular passage 9 which communicates through radial holes 11(FIG. 4) with the chamber 44 for formation of a jet at throat 45.

The operation of the nozzle illustrated is as follows:

When the operator rotates the lever 14 counterclockwise as seen in FIG.1, the catch 30 on the lever arm 26 unseats the auxiliary valve 34. SeeFIG. 5. The liquid arriving under pressure from the inlet at 2 throughchamber 4 thus passes into the channel 62. This fluid unseats the valve68 notwithstanding the pressure of the spring 70, which is weak, andstresses the valve 68 against the rear face 59 of the piston 58, thusclosing the Pitot tube 55. Thus, the liquid pushes the piston 58 towardsthe right as seen in FIG. 2. Via the piston 58 the liquid shifts support42 and with it the valve 6 to the right.

At the end of a short travel, the annular channel 9 of the valve 6becomes unseated from its cylindrical seat 25, opening the radialpassages 11 to the inlet chamber 4. The liquid arriving under pressurevia the opening 2 floods the channel h and passes through the radialholes 11 into the chamber 44 and thence through the throat 4-5 to form ajet in the chamber 46. The stream of liquid formed at the outlet 45 ofthe injector strikes the end 57 of the Pitot tube. The pressure existingwithin the latter increases and together with the stress exerted by thespring 70 pushes away the valve 68. The pressure within Pitot tube 55 isnow accordingly exerted over the whole surface of the valve 68, whichthereupon closes the opening 64. The excess liquid on the left side ofthe valve 68 now passes to the other face of the valve through theclearance between the valve 68 and the cylinder 60. This pressureexisting within Pitot tube 56 likewise exists over the rear face 59 ofthe piston 58, which is thus shifted to the right, carrying with it thevalve 6 against the stress of the compression spring 74-, which isengaged between shoulders on the support 42 and nozzle body 24.

At the moment when the cylindrical part 7 of valve 6 becomes completelyunseated at 25, that is when the valve 6 opens to provide directcommunication between chamber 4 and the space 8 exterior of support 42but within nozzle body 24, valve 34 becomes disengaged from the catch30. The valve 34 then closes the channel 62 under action of the spring36. The channel 62 is accordingly closed off from the portion of thenozzle upstream of the valve 6.

The face 59 of the piston 58 is then subjected only to the pressure ofthe liquid existing within the Pitot tube 56. The piston 58, support 42and consequently the valve 6 are shifted still further to the right, tothe extent permitted by the lever 26 whose position is determined by theoperator at the lever 14.

Delivery through tube It) continues until the moment when the liquidlevel in the tank or reservoir being filled reaches the opening 54. Atthis instant, air in the tank to be filled which previously passed intothe chamber 46 via the tube 50 is replaced by the liquid. The chamber 46is then flooded with liquid so that the jet emerging from the injectorchamber 44 no longer strikes against the Pitot tube 56. Pressure withintube 56 accordingly falls. Under these conditions the valve 6 is closedby the action of the moving liquid and the stress of spring 74, anddelivery is terminated.

To reinitiate delivery it is necessary first to allow the lever 14 torotate full clockwise, in which position cam 28 is brought backcounterclockwise to the position illustrated in FIG. 2. During thismovement the valve 34 is displaced along its seat by cam action betweenthe surfaces 2S and 35 without opening the channel 62, as illustrated inFIG. 6. Thereafter the valve 34 is immediately restored by action of thespring 36. The nozzle then occupies the position shown in FIG. 2. For anew delivery the operator must once again actuate lever 14.

The operation of the valves 6 and 34 and of the arm is furtherillustrated in FIGS. 5 and 6 which respectively represent the nozzle inthe process of opening at the beginning of a delivery and of closing atthe end of a delivery. In FIG. 5, arm 26 is rotating clockwise as theoperator rotates lever 14 counterclockwise. Arm 26 has opened valve 34at the catch 30 formed by the end of the arm, and valve 34 is about toslip off of the catch and close again. Some fluid has passed downchannel 62 and valve 6 is about to open under influence of the pressureexerted by the fluid through orifice 64 and valve 68 on the rear face 59of piston 58.

In FIG. 6 the valve 6 is in process of closing as the result of floodingof chamber 46 from the tube 50. Valve 34 is closed and lever 26 isshown, in full lines, in full clockwise position where it is being heldby the operator (or by a detent or equivalent not shown). Chamber 46,within support 42, has been partly or wholly flooded by liquid passingup the tube 50. In consequence the jet from chamber 44 impinging on theend 57 of tube 56 has been disrupted, and the pressure in tube 56 and onthe back face 59 of piston 58 has declined. Hence valve 6 is moving tothe left toward closed position under influence of spring 74.

FIG. 6 further illustrates, by means of dotted line showings of arm 26and valve 34, how when hand lever 14 is released the lever 25 rotatescounterclockwise and lifts valve 34 by means of the cam surface 28,without opening valve 34. This motion of valve 34, without openingthereof, permits restoration of the apparatus to the closed conditionshown in FIG. 2, without re-initiating the process by which the valve 6is opened.

It is to be observed that:

(a) Since the valve 34 closes the channel 62 before full opening of thevalve 6, the latter cannot open again without execution of the twooperations described in the fourth preceding paragraph.

(b) The rate at which the liquid is delivered can be adjusted by meansof the lever 14, since the opening of the valve 6 is a function of theposition of the arm 26.

(c) The valve 68 lies outside the normal path of the liquid flow andconsequently has no effect on the normal operation of the nozzle. Inview of the action of the spring 7%, which is weak, the valve esprevents opening of the nozzle if the pressure of liquid upstream of theprincipal valve 6 is below a specified value, normally fixed by thepublic authorities charged with weights and measures.

(d) In case the pressure of the liquid entering the nozzle at 2 declinessufficiently so that the jet formed in chamber 44 is no longer able toperform its function, the valve 6 will close automatically underinfluence of the spring '74. Reopening of the valve 6 can then occuronly as indicated in (a) above.

(2) If for any reason the rate of flow of liquid through the nozzlefalls below a s ecified level, for example one gallon per minute, thevalve 6 will close since the pressure produced by the jet on the face 59of the piston 58 will decline below the value of the forces tending toclose valve 6, in particular the force of the spring '74.

(f) The nozzle of the present invention can be used without diflicultywith a predetermining apparatus. In general, the pressure prevailing inthe flexible hose at the end of which a nozzle is fixed will vary at theend of a delivery operation according as the delivery is interrupted byclosure of the nozzle on the one hand or by emptying of a measuringvessel or otherwise completing delivery of a predetermined amount on theother hand. When the nozzle is. closed the pressure which prevails inthe hose is the maximum which the pump is capable of supplying. This maybe of the order of twenty-one pounds per square inch and the flexiblehose is accordingly stretched thereby. When instead a predeterminingapparatus is employed the flow into the fiexible hose is interrupted bythe valve of that apparatus, disposed upstream of the flexible hose. Thepressure existing in the latter when actual delivery stops will thencorrespond to that due to the threshhold level of the valve 6 in thenozzle. This closing pressure may be of the order of four pounds persquare inch. The flexible hose is accordingly much less stressed.

By means of the nozzle of the present invention this disadvantage may beavoided, the maximum pressure being maintained in the flexible hose.Consequently no inaccuracies are introduced into the successivedeliveries. This result may be obtained by providing a small holethrough the valve of the predetermining apparatus, this hole beingdimensioned so that the flow therethrough is below that which willmaintain the nozzle open. Under these conditions and in spite of thepresence of the maximum pressure in the flexible hose,.the valve 6 willclose when the jet from the injector chamber 44 becomes inadequate tohold the valve 6 open as indicated in paragraph (d) above.

Naturally the present invention is not limited to the details of theexample which has been described. Thus, for example the piston 58 and ofthe valve 6 may form a single element instead of two separate parts asshown, for purposes of simplicity of construction. Whereas the injector44 is controlled by the principal valve 6 in the example described, thisinjector may consistently with the invention be supplied from a separatechannel having therein a second auxiliary valve separate from the valve6. The hole through the valve of the predetermining apparatus may bereplaced by a by-pass line around that valve.

It will be observed that in FIG. 2 the cross sectional area of piston 58is greater than that of the valve 6 at its seat 25. In consequence ofthis fact the pressure of the liquid, while valve 34 is open, exerts astress on piston 58 towards the right, in FIG. 2, greater than thestress exerted on valve 6 toward the left.

It will be seen from the foregoing that the invention provides liquidflow control apparatus including a main channel extending from an inletat 2 through the passage 4, the valve 6, the chamber 8 and the nozzletube 10 to an outlet at 12. A main valve 6 is disposed in this main flowchannel, coupled to a piston 53. An auxiliary channel 62 connects theside of piston 58 (at its face 59) on which pressure tends to open thevalve 6 with the main channel at 4 through an auxiliary valve 34. Thisliquid flow control apparatus also includes at 44 a jet-forming chamberand at 46 a jet flight chamber into which successively liquid may flow,when valve 6 is opened, from the inlet side of the main channel. Inaddition, the apparatus includes in the tube 56 a receiving tubedisposed in the path of the jet passing down the chamber 46 and thisreceiving tube communicates with the side of piston 58 open to channel62. The flexible tube 50 extending from the outlet of the main channelat 12 up to the jet flight chamber 46, which in the embodiment shown ismovable with the valve 6,, constitutes means by which the jet in chamber46 may be disrupted when the liquid level in the reservoir being lledreaches the outlet 12.

I claim:

1. Liquid flow control apparatus comprising means defining a main flowchannel, a main valve disposed in said channel, a piston coupled to saidvalve, an auxiliary channel connecting the side of said piston on whichpressure tends to open said valve with said main channel upstream ofsaid main valve, an auxiliary valve in said auxiliary channel, wherebyupon opening of said auxiliary valve said main valve is opened bypressure exerted on said piston by liquid in said auxiliary channel,means responsive to the opening of said main valve for causing saidauxiliary valve to return to a closed position, means to define a fluidjet communicating via said main valve with said main channel upstream ofsaid main valve, means defining a jet flight chamber, a receiving tubedisposed in the path of said jet and communicating with said side ofsaid piston, and means to supply liquid to said jet flight chamber todisrupt said jet.

2. Liquid flow control apparatus comprising means defining a main flowchannel, a main valve disposed in said channel, a piston coupled to saidvalve, an auxiliary channel connecting the side of said piston on whichpressure tends to open said main valve with said main channel upstreamof said main valve, an auxiliary valve in said auxiliary channel, acheck valve in said auxiliary channel downstream of said auxiliary valveand upstream of said side of said piston, means responsive to theopening of said main valve for causing said auxiliary valve to move froman open to a closed position, means to define a fluid jet communicatingvia said main valve with said main channel upstream of said main valve,means defining a jet flight chamber, a receiving tube disposed in thepath of said jet and communicating with said side of said piston, andmeans to supply liquid to said jet flight chamber to disrupt said jet.

3. Liquid flow control apparatus comprising means defining a main flowchannel, a main valve disposed in said channel, a piston coupled to saidvalve, an auxiliary channel connecting the side of said piston on whichpressure tends to open said valve with said main channel upstream ofsaid main valve, an auxiliary valve in said auxiliary channel, saidpiston having a greater cross sectional area than said main valve,whereby upon opening of said auxiliary valve said main valve is openedby pressure exerted on said piston by liquid in said auxiliary channel,means responsive to the opening of said main valve for causing saidauxiliary valve to return to a closed position, said main valve havingtherewithin a jet-forming chamber communicating when said main valve isopen with said main channel upstream of said main valve, said pistonhaving an aperture therethrough extending from said side of said pistonto a position in the path of the jet emerging from said jet-formingchamber, and means to disrupt impingement of said jet on said orifice.

4. Liquid flow control apparatus comprising means defining a main flowchannel, a main valve disposed in said channel, a piston coupled to saidvalve, an auxiliary channel connecting the side of said piston on whichpressure tends to open said main valve with said main channel upstreamof said main valve, an auxiliary valve adapted to close said auxiliarychannel, means to define a fluid jet communicating via said main valvewith said main channel upstream of said main valve, means defining a jetflight chamber, a receiving tube disposed in the path of said jet andcommunicating with said side of said piston, means to supply liquid tosaid jet flight chamber to disrupt said jet, resilient means biasingsaid main valve to closed position, means to retract said resilientmeans, and means for temporarily opening said auxiliary valve duringretraction of said resilient means.

5. Liquid flow control apparatus comprising means defining a main flowchannel, a main valve disposed in said channel, a piston coupled to saidvalve, an auxiliary channel connecting the side of said piston on whichpressure tends to open said main valve with said main channel upstreamof said main valve, an auxiliary valve adapted to close said auxiliarychannel, means to define a fluid jet communicating via said main valvewith said main channel upstream of said main valve, means defining a jetflight chamber, a receiving tube disposed in the path of said jet andcommunicating with said side of said piston, means to supply liquid tosaid jet flight chamber to disrupt said jet, a lever engageable withsaid main valve throughout a range of travel of said main valve,resilient means biasing said lever into rotation toward the closedposition of said main valve, and means coupled to said lever fortemporarily opening said auxiliary valve during rotation of said leverin the opposite direction.

6. Liquid flow control apparatus comprising means defining a main flowchannel, a main valve disposed in said channel, a piston coupled to saidvalve, an auxiliary channel connecting the side of said piston on whichpressure tends to open said main valve with said main channel upstreamof said main valve, an auxiliary valve adapted to close said auxiliarychannel, means to define a fluid jet communicating via said main valvewith said main channel upstream of said main valve, means defining a jetflight chamber, a receiving tube disposed in the path of said jet andcommunicating with said side of said piston, means to supply liquid tosaid jet flight chamber to disrupt said jet, a lever engageable withsaid main valve, resilient means biasing said lever into rotation in afirst direction which closes said main valve, said lever including acatch portion opening said auxiliary valve upon rotation of said leverin the direction opposite said first direction and a cam portionpermitting displacement of said auxiliary valve without opening thereofupon rotation of said lever in said first direction.

7. Liquid flow control apparatus comprising means defining a main flowchannel extending from an inlet to an outlet, a main valve disposed insaid channel, a piston coupled to said valve, an auxiliary channelconnecting the side of said piston on which pressure tends to open saidmain valve with said main channel upstream of said main valve, anauxiliary valve in said auxiliary channel, means responsive to theopening of said main valve for causing said auxiliary valve to move froman open to a closed position, means to define a fluid jet communicatingvia said main valve with said main channel upstream of said main valve,means defining a jet flight chamber, a receiving tube disposed in thepath of said jet and communicating with said side of said piston, andmeans defining a channel extending from said outlet to said jet flightchamber.

8. Liquid flow control apparatus comprising means defining a main flowchannel extending from an inlet to an outlet, a main valve disposed insaid channel, a piston coupled to said valve, an auxiliary channelconnecting the side of said piston on which pressure tends to open saidvalve with said main channel upstream of said main valve, an auxiliaryvalve in said auxiliary channel, said main valve having therewithin ajet-forming chamber communicating when said main valve is open with saidmain channel upstream of said main valve, said main valve further havingtherewithin a jet flight chamber accommodating a jet of liquid emergingfrom said jetforming chamber, said piston having an aperturetherethrough extending from said side of said piston to a position inthe path of the jet emerging from said jetforming chamber, and meansdefining a channel extending from said outlet to said jet flightchamber, said last-named channel including a flexible portion.

9. Liquid flow control apparatus comprising means defining a main flowchannel, a main valve disposed in said channel, a piston coupied to saidvalve, an auxiliary channel connecting the side of said piston on whichpressure tends to open said main valve with said main channel upstreamof said main valve, an auxiliary valve adapted to close said auxiliarychannel, means to define a fluid jet communicating via said main valvewith said main channel upstream of said main valve, means defining a jetflight chamber, a receiving tube disposed in the path of said jet andcommunicating with said side of said piston, an aspirating tube openinginto said jet flight chamber, resilient means biasing said main valve toclosed position, means to retract said resilient means, and means fortemporarily opening said auxiliary valve during retraction of saidresilient means.

10. Liquid flow control apparatus comprising means defining a main flowchannel extending from an inlet to an outlet, a main valve disposed insaid channel, a piston coupled to said valve, an auxiliary channelconnecting the side of said piston on which pressure tends to open saidmain valve with said main channel upstream of said main valve, anauxiliary valve adapted to close said auxiliary channel, means to definea fluid jet cornmunicating via said main valve with said main channelupstream of said main valve, means defining a jet flight chamber, areceiving tube disposed in the path of said jet and communicating withsaid side of said piston, an aspirating tube connected between saidoutlet and said jet flight chamber, a lever engageable with said mainvalve, resilient means biasing said lever into rotation in a firstdirection which closes said main valve, said lever including a catchportion opening said auxiliary valve upon rotation of said lever in thedirection opposite said first direction and a cam portion permittingdisplacement of said auxiliary valve without opening thereof uponrotation of said lever in said first direction.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS2,681,073 Fraser June 15, 1954 2,787,294 Carriol Apr. 2, 1957 2,841,191Fraser July 1, 1958 2,871,894 Carriol Feb. 3, 1959

1. LIQUID FLOW CONTROL APPARATUS COMPRISING MEANS DEFINING A MAIN FLOWCHANNEL, A MAIN VALVE DISPOSED IN SAID CHANNEL, A PISTON COUPLED TO SAIDVALVE, AN AUXILIARY CHANNEL CONNECTING THE SIDE OF SAID PISTON ON WHICHPRESSURE TENDS TO OPEN SAID VALVE WITH SAID MAIN CHANNEL UPSTREAM OFSAID MAIN VALVE, AN AUXILIARY VALVE IN SAID AUXILIARY CHANNEL, WHEREBYUPON OPENING OF SAID AUXILIARY VALVE SAID MAIN VALVE IS OPENED BYPRESSURE EXERTED ON SAID PISTON BY LIQUID IN SAID AUXILIARY CHANNEL,MEANS RESPONSIVE TO THE OPENING OF SAID MAIN VALVE FOR CAUSING SAIDAUXILIARY VALVE TO RETURN TO A CLOSED POSITION, MEANS TO DEFINE A FLUIDJET COMMUNICATING VIA SAID MAIN VALVE, WITH SAID MAIN CHANNEL UPSTREAMOF SAID MAIN VALVE, MEANS DEFINING A JET FLIGHT CHAMBER, A RECEIVINGTUBE DISPOSED IN THE PATH OF SAID JET AND COMMUNICATING WITH SAID SIDEOF SAID PISTON, AND MEANS TO SUPPLY LIQUID TO SAID JET FLIGHT CHAMBER TODISRUPT SAID JET.